Sciatica is a term used to describe pain that travels along the sciatic nerve, which runs from your lower back through your hips, buttocks, and down each leg. Sciatica is a symptom—not a diagnosis—and is often caused by irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve in the lower spine.

Sciatica is commonly caused by conditions that put pressure on the sciatic nerve, such as a herniated disc, spinal stenosis, bone spurs, or degenerative changes in the spine. In some cases, muscle tightness or inflammation around the nerve may also contribute to symptoms.

Sciatica often causes pain that radiates from the lower back into one buttock and down the leg. Other symptoms may include: 

• Numbness or tingling in the leg or foot 

• Muscle weakness 

• Burning or sharp, shooting pain 

• Pain that worsens with prolonged sitting or certain movements 

• Symptoms can range from mild to severe and may affect one or both legs, though one-sided symptoms are more common.

Many people seek chiropractic care for sciatica because treatment focuses on identifying and addressing the underlying cause of nerve irritation. Depending on your condition, chiropractic care may include gentle spinal adjustments, soft tissue therapy, therapeutic exercises, and recommendations to improve movement and reduce stress on the affected nerve.

Your chiropractor will review your medical history, discuss your symptoms, and perform a physical examination to evaluate spinal movement, strength, sensation, reflexes, and nerve function. If necessary, diagnostic imaging such as X-rays—or referral for advanced imaging—may be recommended to better understand the source of your symptoms.

Recovery depends on the cause and severity of the nerve irritation. Some patients notice improvement within several weeks, while others with chronic spinal conditions may require a longer course of conservative care. Your treatment plan will be tailored to your individual needs and adjusted based on your progress.

Maintaining a healthy weight, staying physically active, strengthening your core muscles, practicing good posture, and using proper lifting techniques may help reduce the risk of recurring sciatica. Your chiropractor may also recommend stretches and exercises to support spinal health and improve mobility.

Seek emergency medical care if your symptoms include sudden loss of bladder or bowel control, severe weakness in one or both legs, numbness in the groin area, or severe pain following a significant injury. These symptoms may indicate a serious medical condition requiring urgent evaluation.